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AZ-400 Designing and Implementing Microsoft DevOps Solutions
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QUESTION 1
You have a project in Azure DevOps named Project1. Project1 contains a pipeline that builds a container image named
Image1 and pushes Image1 to an Azure container registry named ACR1. Image1 uses a base image stored in Docker
Hub.
You need to ensure that Image1 is updated automatically whenever the base image is updated.
What should you do?
A. Enable the Azure Event Grid resource provider and subscribe to registry events.
B. Add a Docker Hub service connection to Azure Pipelines.
C. Create and run an Azure Container Registry task.
D. Create a service hook in Project1.
Correct Answer: C
ACR Tasks supports automated container image builds when a container\\’s base image is updated, such as when you
patch the OS or application framework in one of your base images.
Reference: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/container-registry/container-registry-tutorial-base-image-update
QUESTION 2
In Azure DevOps, you create Project3.
You need to meet the requirements of the project.
What should you do first?
A. From Azure DevOps, modify the build definition.
B. From SonarQube, obtain an authentication token.
C. From Azure DevOps, create a service endpoint.
D. From SonarQube, create a project.
Correct Answer: C
The first thing to do is to declare your SonarQube server as a service endpoint in your VSTS/DevOps project settings.
References: https://docs.sonarqube.org/display/SCAN/Analyzing+with+SonarQube+Extension+for+vsts-TFS
QUESTION 3
You are designing an Azure DevOps strategy for your company\\’s development team. You suspect that the team\\’s
productivity is low due to accumulate technical debt. You need to recommend a metric to assess the amount of the team\\’s technical debt. What should you recommend?
A. the number of code modules in an application
B. the number of unit test failures
C. the percentage of unit test failures
D. the percentage of overall time spent on rework
Correct Answer: D
Technical Debt is the estimated cost to fix code elements issues.
Technical Debt Ratio: Ratio between the cost to develop the software and the cost to fix it. The Technical Debt Ratio
formula is:
Remediation cost / Development cost
Which can be restated as:
Remediation cost / (Cost to develop 1 line of code * Number of lines of code)
References:
http://www.azure365.co.in/devops/3PDevOps-4
QUESTION 4
DRAG DROP
You are planning projects for three customers. Each customer\\’s preferred process for work items is shown in the
following table.
The customers all plan to use Azure DevOps for work item management.
Which work item process should you use for each customer? To answer, drag the appropriate work item process to the
correct customers. Each work item process may be used once, more than once, or not at all. You may need to drag the
split bar between panes or scroll to view content.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
Explanation:
Box 1: Scrum
Choose Scrum when your team practices Scrum. This process works great if you want to track product backlog items
(PBIs) and bugs on the Kanban board, or break PBIs and bugs down into tasks on the taskboard.
Box 2: Agile
Choose Agile when your team uses Agile planning methods, including Scrum, and tracks development and test
activities separately. This process works great if you want to track user stories and (optionally) bugs on the Kanban
board, or
track bugs and tasks on the taskboard.
Box 3: CMMI
Choose CMMI when your team follows more formal project methods that require a framework for process improvement
and an auditable record of decisions. With this process, you can track requirements, change requests, risks, and
reviews.
Incorrect Answers:
XP:
The work tracking objects contained within the default DevOps processes and DevOps process templates are Basic,
Agile, CMMI, and Scrum
XP (Extreme Programming) and DevOps are different things. They don\\’t contradict with each other, they can be used
together, but they have different base concepts inside them.
References:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/boards/work-items/guidance/choose-process?view=azure-devops
QUESTION 5
You need to implement the code flow strategy for Project2 in Azure DevOps.
Which three actions should you perform in sequence? To answer, move the appropriate actions from the list of actions
to the answer area and arrange them in the correct order.
Select and Place:
Correct Answer:
Scenario: Implement a code flow strategy for Project2 that will:
Enable Team2 to submit pull requests for Project2.
Enable Team2 to work independently on changes to a copy of Project2.
Ensure that any intermediary changes performed by Team2 on a copy of Project2 will be subject to the same
restrictions as the ones defined in the build policy of Project2.
Step 1: Create a repository Step 2: Add a build policy for the master branch Step 3: Create a branch Each branch must
have a defined policy about how to integrate code into this branch. References:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/learn/devops-at-microsoft/release-flow
QUESTION 6
Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains
a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution,
while others might not have a correct solution.
After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not
appear in the review screen.
You have an Azure DevOps project.
Your build process creates several artifacts.
You need to deploy the artifacts to on-premises servers.
Solution: You deploy a Kubernetes cluster on-premises. You deploy a Helm agent to the cluster. You add a Download
Build Artifacts task to the deployment pipeline.
Does this meet the goal?
A. Yes
B. No
Correct Answer: B
Instead you should deploy an Azure self-hosted agent to an on-premises server.
Note: To build your code or deploy your software using Azure Pipelines, you need at least one agent.
If your on-premises environments do not have connectivity to a Microsoft-hosted agent pool (which is typically the case
due to intermediate firewalls), you\\’ll need to manually configure a self-hosted agent on on-premises computer(s).
Note 2: As we [Microsoft] are launching this new experience in preview, we are currently optimizing it for Azure
Kubernetes Service (AKS) and Azure Container Registry (ACR). Other Kubernetes clusters, for example running onpremises or
in other clouds, as well as other container registries, can be used, but require setting up a Service Account and
connection manually.
References:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/agents/agents?view=azure-devops
QUESTION 7
Your company uses Azure DevOps.
Only users who have accounts in Azure Active Directory can access the Azure DevOps environment.
You need to ensure that only devices that are connected to the on-premises network can access the Azure DevOps
environment.
What should you do?
A. Assign the Stakeholder access level all users.
B. In Azure Active Directory, configure risky sign-ins.
C. In Azure DevOps, configure Security in Project Settings.
D. In Azure Active Directory, configure conditional access.
Correct Answer: D
Conditional Access is a capability of Azure Active Directory. With Conditional Access, you can implement automated
access control decisions for accessing your cloud apps that are based on conditions.
Conditional Access policies are enforced after the first-factor authentication has been completed.
References:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/conditional-access/overview
QUESTION 8
Your company has an on-premises Bitbucket Server that is used for Git-based source control. The server is protected by a firewall that blocks inbound Internet traffic.
You plan to use Azure DevOps to manage the build and release processes.
Which two components are required to integrate Azure DevOps and Bitbucket? Each correct answer presents part of
the solution.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
A. a deployment group
B. a Microsoft-hosted agent
C. service hooks
D. a self-hosted agent
E. an External Git service connection
Correct Answer: DE
E: GitLab CI/CD can be used with GitHub or any other Git server such as BitBucket. Instead of moving your entire
project to GitLab, you can connect your external repository to get the benefits of GitLab CI/CD.
Note: When a pipeline uses a remote, 3rd-party repository host such as Bitbucket Cloud, the repository is configured
with webhooks that notify Azure Pipelines Server or TFS when code has changed and a build should be triggered. Since
on-premises installations are normally protected behind a firewall, 3rd-party webhooks are unable to reach the onpremises server. As a workaround, you can use the External Git repository type which uses polling instead of webhooks
to trigger a build when code has changed.
References: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/repos/pipeline-options-for-git
QUESTION 9
Note: This question is part of a series of questions that present the same scenario. Each question in the series contains
a unique solution that might meet the stated goals. Some question sets might have more than one correct solution,
while
others might not have a correct solution.
After you answer a question in this section, you will NOT be able to return to it. As a result, these questions will not
appear in the review screen.
The lead developer at your company reports that adding new application features takes longer than expected due to a
large accumulated technical debt.
You need to recommend changes to reduce the accumulated technical debt.
Solution: You recommend reducing the code complexity.
Does this meet the goal?
A. Yes
B. No
Correct Answer: A
Reference: https://dzone.com/articles/fight-through-the-pain-how-to-deal-with-technical
QUESTION 10
DRAG DROP As part of your application build process, you need to deploy a group of resources to Azure by using an
Azure Resource Manager template located on GitHub. Which three action should you perform in sequence? To answer,
move the appropriate actions from the list of actions to the answer area and arrange them in the correct order.
Select and Place:
Correct Answer:
QUESTION 11
DRAG DROP
You are creating a container for an ASP.NET Core app.
You need to create a Dockerfile file to build the image. The solution must ensure that the size of the image is
minimized.
How should you configure the file? To answer, drag the appropriate values to the correct targets. Each value must be
used once, more than once, or not at all. You may need to drag the split bar between panes or scroll to view content.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
Select and Place:
Box 1: microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:2.3
The first group of lines declares from which base image we will use to build our container on top of. If the local system
does not have this image already, then docker will automatically try and fetch it. The
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.1
comes packaged with the .NET core 2.1 SDK installed, so it\\’s up to the task of building ASP .NET core projects
targeting version 2.1
Box 2: dotnet restore
The next instruction changes the working directory in our container to be /app, so all commands following this one
execute under this context.
COPY *.csproj ./
RUN dotnet restore
Box 3: microsoft.com/dotnet/2.2-aspnetcore-runtime
When building container images, it\\’s good practice to include only the production payload and its dependencies in the
container image. We don\\’t want the .NET core SDK included in our final image because we only need the .NET core
runtime, so the dockerfile is written to use a temporary container that is packaged with the SDK called build-env to build
the app.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/de-DE/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick-start/building-sample-app
QUESTION 12
You need to implement Project4. What should you do first?
A. Add the FROM instruction in the Dockerfile file.
B. Add a Copy and Publish Build Artifacts task to the build pipeline.
C. Add a Docker task to the build pipeline.
D. Add the MAINTAINER instruction in the Dockerfile file.
Correct Answer: C
Scenario: Implement Project4 and configure the project to push Docker images to Azure Container Registry.
You use Azure Container Registry Tasks commands to quickly build, push, and run a Docker container image natively
within Azure, showing how to offload your “inner-loop” development cycle to the cloud. ACR Tasks is a suite of features
within Azure Container Registry to help you manage and modify container images across the container lifecycle.
References: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/container-registry/container-registry-quickstart-task-cli
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